Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Precipitation Gravimetry

Precipitation Gravimetry

Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...

Quality of Water

Quality of Water

In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...

Testing Water Quality

Testing Water Quality

When the quality of water for concrete preparation is uncertain, its impact on the setting time of cement and compressive strength of mortar is assessed by comparison with de-ionized or distilled water benchmarks. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1602 requires the setting times to be within 90 minutes of the control, British Standard (BS) 3146:1980 allows a 30-minute variance in the initial setting, while British Standards European Norm (BS EN) 1008 specifies initial setting...

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Quality monitoring of fish through histological assessment of their health status: Proposal for a New Scoring System.

Veterinaria italiana·2025

Same author

Groundwater quality evaluation based on water quality indices (WQI) using GIS: Maadher plain of Hodna, Northern Algeria.

Environmental science and pollution research international·2022

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

PSO-Optimized Ensemble Learning with SHAP for Seasonal Groundwater Quality Prediction.

Tahar Selmane¹, Yacine Hasnaoui, Nadir Aloui²

¹VEHDD Laboratory, Faculty of Technology, University of M'sila 28000, Algeria; Department of Hydraulics and Civil Engineering, Université de Ghardaïa, Ghardaïa, 47000, Algeria.

|July 7, 2026

Summary

This study developed an interpretable hybrid model to predict groundwater quality in the Algerian Sahara. The model accurately forecasts water quality, aiding sustainable management of this vital freshwater resource.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Hydrogeology
Data Science

Background:

Groundwater is crucial for freshwater in hyper-arid regions like the Algerian Sahara.
Reliable groundwater quality assessment is vital for sustainable water resource management.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an interpretable hybrid model for predicting groundwater quality (WQI) in the Ghardaia region.
To integrate Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with ensemble machine learning algorithms for enhanced prediction accuracy.

Main Methods:

Collected 540 groundwater samples from 67 boreholes across dry/wet seasons (2021-2025).
Employed a spatially independent validation strategy based on borehole locations.
Optimized Random Forest, AdaBoost, and XGBoost using PSO, training separate models for dry and wet seasons.
Utilized SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for model interpretability and variable contribution analysis.

Main Results:

PSO-AdaBoost achieved R²=0.976 (dry season), PSO-XGBoost achieved R²=0.985 (wet season).
Potassium (K+) was the most influential predictor in the dry season, indicating evapoconcentration and water-rock interactions.
pH and Magnesium (Mg2+) gained influence in the wet season, suggesting temporal hydrochemical variability.

Conclusions:

The proposed PSO-ensemble-SHAP framework offers an accurate and interpretable approach for groundwater quality prediction.
This framework supports efficient monitoring and management of groundwater resources in arid aquifer systems.
The study highlights the importance of considering seasonal variations and hydrochemical processes in water quality assessment.