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Ionizing Radiation Hazard for Laser Material Processing Applications Using an Ultrashort Pulse Laser.

Henry Tran¹, Mike Woods¹, James Liu¹

¹SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, MS48, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025.

|July 7, 2026

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This study measured ionizing radiation hazards from ultrashort pulsed lasers, finding shallow dose rates up to 77 mSv/h/W. Dosimeters showed limitations in measuring shallow and deep doses accurately.

Area of Science:

Physics
Materials Science
Radiation Safety

Background:

Ultrashort pulsed lasers are used in material processing.
These lasers emit low-energy bremsstrahlung x-rays, posing potential ionizing radiation hazards.
Accurate measurement of these hazards is crucial for safety protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify ionizing radiation hazards from ultrashort pulsed lasers during material processing.
To compare the effectiveness of survey meters and passive dosimeters in measuring these hazards.
To develop and apply calibration factors and corrections for accurate dose assessment.

Main Methods:

Utilized a laser-optic system to irradiate tungsten foils at varying intensities (10^13–10^15 W cm⁻²).
Employed survey meters (open and closed beta slide) and passive dosimeters to measure shallow and deep dose rates.

Keywords:

detector lasers operational topics radiation x rays

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Calibrated instruments using standard x-ray beams and applied corrections for air attenuation and volume effects.

Main Results:

Shallow dose rates measured by survey meters ranged from 1 to 10 mSv h⁻¹ W⁻¹.
Deep dose rates were at least a factor of 10 lower than shallow dose rates.
Dosimeters, with corrections, measured shallow doses comparable to survey meters (42 mSv h⁻¹ W⁻¹ vs. 77 mSv h⁻¹ W⁻¹).

Conclusions:

Survey meters provide reliable shallow dose rate measurements for laser-induced x-rays.
Dosimeters exhibit limitations in accurately measuring shallow doses at low intensities and deep doses at all intensities.
Further research is needed to improve dosimeter accuracy for low-energy laser-induced x-rays.