Brucella melitensis infection with osteoarticular involvement: First reported cases in Colombia

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Brucellosis is the most common zoonotic disease globally, with Brucella melitensis being the most frequently isolated species.
• Historically, Brucella melitensis was considered absent in Colombia, with only two prior reported cases, neither involving osteoarticular complications.
• This study addresses the underdiagnosis of Brucella melitensis in Colombia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report three cases of Brucella melitensis infection in Colombia.
• To highlight the diverse clinical manifestations, including osteoarticular and neurological involvement.
• To emphasize the potential for underdiagnosis of this pathogen in the country.

Main Methods:

• Case series describing three patients with Brucella melitensis infection.
• Clinical presentation included spondylodiscitis, monoarthritis, and myelitis.
• Treatment involved combined antibiotic therapy and surgical intervention.

Main Results:

• Successful clinical resolution was achieved in all three cases.
• The cases demonstrate that Brucella melitensis can cause significant osteoarticular and neurological disease.
• These findings suggest Brucella melitensis may be more prevalent in Colombia than previously thought.

Conclusions:

• Brucella melitensis infections are occurring in Colombia and can present with severe manifestations.
• Combined antibiotic and surgical treatment can lead to successful outcomes.
• The possibility of underdiagnosis of Brucella melitensis in Colombia should be considered, especially for cases presenting with osteoarticular or neurological symptoms.