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Respiratory infectious diseases in intensive care units’ patients during 2024, in two hospitals in Guayaquil, Ecuador

Francisco Sánchez-Amador1, Miguel Merejildo2, Luis Solórzano3

  • 1Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Hospital Luis Vernaza, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Biomedica : Revista Del Instituto Nacional De Salud
|July 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Respiratory infections in Guayaquil hospitals were mainly caused by bacteria, leading to frequent hospital-acquired pneumonia. Antimicrobial resistance genes were also detected in these pathogens.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Viral, bacterial, and fungal infections significantly increase morbidity and mortality in respiratory diseases.
  • Understanding the etiological agents of respiratory infections is crucial for effective treatment and control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize respiratory infections and their etiological agents in patients at two tertiary-level hospitals in Guayaquil, Ecuador.
  • To analyze demographic, clinical, and microbiological data from January to June 2024.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted.
  • Data from 56 patients were collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS™ Statistics 27.0.
  • Included demographic, clinical, and microbiological data (dates, age, sex, sample type, results, diagnoses).
Keywords:
coinfecciónenfermedades respiratoriasenfermedades transmisiblesindicadores de morbimortalidadneumonía

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Main Results:

  • 35 patients had respiratory infections, predominantly female, with a mean age of 49.
  • Identified agents included: rhinovirus-enterovirus, influenza A virus, coronavirus, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus.
  • Common bacteria: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus. Resistance genes (CTX-M, KPC, mecA/mecC, MREJ, NDM, Oxa48-like, VIM) were detected. Fungal agents: Candida albicans, C. glabrata.
  • Most patients developed hospital-acquired pneumonia.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial pathogens were the primary cause of respiratory infections in intensive care units during the study period.
  • Hospital-acquired pneumonia was frequent.
  • The detection of antimicrobial resistance genes highlights a significant public health concern.