HealthTech for reproduction: promises, perils and the evidence gap

Health technologies (HealthTech), including mobile applications, wearables, at-home testing and telehealth platforms, are increasingly marketed to support fertility awareness, conception and fertility management. In the context of declining global birth rates, these tools are often positioned as innovative solutions to improve reproductive outcomes. Evidence suggests that HealthTech can enhance fertility literacy, facilitate self-monitoring, expand access to care and support patient-clinician communication. However, these benefits are contingent on accuracy, clinical validity and appropriate integration into healthcare pathways. Despite their potential, many fertility-focused technologies are introduced to the market with limited evidence of analytical validity, clinical relevance or meaningful benefit to users. Over-reliance on predictive algorithms, particularly those based on limited inputs, may lead to misinformation and unintended consequences for individuals attempting to conceive. Furthermore, concerns arise regarding the commercialization of reproductive health, inequities in design and access, and the handling of highly sensitive personal data. The amplification of unvalidated claims through social media further complicates the landscape. Stronger regulatory frameworks, including pre-market validation, algorithmic transparency, data protection and integration with clinical care, are urgently required. Ensuring that HealthTech solutions are evidence-based, equitable and patient centred will be critical to realizing their potential while minimizing harm.