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Related Concept Videos

Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Forced Transdifferentiation01:28

Forced Transdifferentiation

Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Cell Lineage Analyses and Gene Function Studies Using Twin-spot MARCM
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Published on: March 2, 2017

Decoding bipotency: a transient regulatory state bridging totipotency and lineage commitment.

Amash Manzoor1, Qingyi Lin2, Wenjuan Li2

  • 1Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|July 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mammalian embryos resolve totipotency through a transient bipotent state, bridging embryonic and extra-embryonic lineages. This transition involves transposable elements, transcription factors, and signaling pathways, crucial for early development.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Early mammalian embryogenesis involves a critical transition from totipotency to lineage specification.
  • The precise mechanisms resolving totipotency into distinct embryonic and extra-embryonic lineages are not fully understood.
  • A non-binary model suggests cells pass through a transient bipotent intermediate stage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize recent advances in understanding the establishment, maintenance, and resolution of bipotency.
  • To highlight the roles of transposable elements, transcription factors, and signaling pathways in this process.
  • To discuss the implications of novel bipotent stem cell models for in vitro embryo development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature synthesis of recent research findings.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms including transposable elements, transcription factors, and signaling pathways.
  • Review of newly developed bipotent stem cell models.

Main Results:

  • Bipotency is established, maintained, and resolved through the coordinated action of transposable elements, transcription factors, and signaling pathways.
  • Transient bipotent intermediates are key to navigating the continuum of potency states.
  • Novel stem cell models offer new avenues for studying early embryonic development in vitro.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding bipotency resolution is crucial for deciphering early mammalian development.
  • The coordinated regulation of genetic and signaling factors governs the transition from totipotency.
  • Further research is needed to extend findings from mouse models to human embryogenesis.