Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Introduction To Health Care Delivery System

Introduction To Health Care Delivery System

The healthcare system is constantly changing and complex. Various services are available from different healthcare providers, but gaining access to these services has become challenging for people with limited healthcare insurance. Uninsured people present a challenge to healthcare because they frequently postpone or forego treatment.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) advocates for a patient-centered, effective, safe, timely, equitable, and effective healthcare system. The National Priorities...

Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model

Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model

The case management model is a multidisciplinary approach that involves healthcare professionals from diverse disciplines, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, social workers, and pharmacists, working collaboratively to address the various needs of patients. Each healthcare professional brings unique expertise and perspectives, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the patient's condition and tailoring treatment plans accordingly.
For example, a patient with a chronic illness...

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...

Current Trends in Nursing I

Current Trends in Nursing I

Current trends in nursing include:

Current Trends in Nursing II

Current Trends in Nursing II

Trends in nursing are multifactorial and associated with changes in society, within the nursing profession, and in other professions. Notably, telehealth and remote nursing contribute to successful healthcare delivery for numerous patients and help reduce stress for nurses due to nursing shortages. Nurses can reach patients, monitor their conditions, and interact with them using computers, audio, visual accessories, and telephones—for example, remote patient monitoring systems. Likewise,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Improving medicines use in people with polypharmacy in primary care: a synopsis from the IMPPP cluster-RCT with pilot-feasibility study.

Health and social care delivery research·2026

Same author

Integrating health economics and implementation science: a call to action.

BMC medical research methodology·2026

Same author

Mental health of healthcare workers in England during the first three years of the COVID-19 pandemic: The NHS CHECK study cohort.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Drug-related death rates associated with prescribed and illicit benzodiazepine exposure among people receiving opioid-agonist treatment in Scotland, 2015 to 2020.

The International journal on drug policy·2026

Same author

The Bristol Self Harm Register (BSHR) dataset: Linked self-harm register records of the children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).

Wellcome open research·2026

Same author

Sufficiency of current practice: How well does the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire detect clinically elevated posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms in children in care?

JCPP advances·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

Evaluating Additional Roles in Primary Care: Expanding Capacity and Transforming Care Delivery.

Jialan Hong^1,2, Christopher Penfold^3,2, Peter Jonathan Edwards⁴

¹Bristol Medical School, Bristol, United Kingdom jialan.hong@bristol.ac.uk.

The British Journal of General Practice : the Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners

|July 7, 2026

Summary

The Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme (ARRS) expanded primary care teams, increasing consultations with roles like pharmacists and physiotherapists. This diversified the workforce, enhancing overall capacity rather than solely reducing general practitioner workload.

Keywords:

General Practice Multidisciplinary Teams Primary Health Care, Workforce

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

Primary Care Research
Health Workforce Studies
Health Services Research

Background:

The Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme (ARRS) was implemented by NHS England in 2019.
Key aims included workforce expansion, promoting multidisciplinary team care, and improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze changes in primary care consultation rates and outcomes following ARRS implementation.
To compare the effectiveness of different primary care roles within the ARRS framework.

Main Methods:

A longitudinal cohort study utilized the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) AURUM.
Analyzed over 12 million consultations from 2015-2021 across 400 English general practices.
Employed joinpoint and multilevel regression to model consultation trends and compare outcomes.

Main Results:

Consultations with ARRS-eligible roles, particularly pharmacists and physiotherapists, increased, with some growth predating formal inclusion.
Most ARRS roles had higher face-to-face consultation rates but lower prescribing and referral rates compared to general practitioners (GPs).
While overall primary care capacity expanded, workload redistribution occurred, with no direct reduction in GP workload observed.

Conclusions:

The ARRS has successfully accelerated the diversification of the primary care skill-mix.
Evidence suggests an expansion of overall primary care capacity and a redistribution of workload among the multidisciplinary team.
The scheme supports workforce development and team-based care models in primary care settings.