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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise
06:17

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise

Published on: January 26, 2024

Environment geometry alters sequential route learning and its integration into cognitive maps.

Jaida Long1,2, Estibaliz Herrera3,4, Yiran Li5

  • 1Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. jaidalong@gatech.edu.

Nature Communications
|July 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Geometric irregularities in environments impair spatial memory, especially in trapezoidal shapes. These geometry effects combine additively with serial order effects, with individual navigation skills influencing sensitivity to environmental distortions.

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Published on: May 2, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience
  • Spatial Navigation

Background:

  • Entorhinal grid cells are hypothesized to provide neural metrics of space, potentially disrupted by geometric irregularities.
  • Irregular geometries may offer orientation cues, influencing spatial memory positively or negatively.
  • Serial order effects in route navigation can interact with environmental geometry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interactive effects of environment geometry (square vs. trapezoid) and serial order on spatial memory.
  • To test predictions from grid cell and path integration models in a virtual navigation task.
  • To explore the association between self-reported navigational ability and sensitivity to geometric irregularities.

Main Methods:

  • A virtual navigation task was employed to assess spatial memory in environments with different geometries.
  • Participants navigated routes within square and trapezoidal virtual spaces.
  • Self-report measures of navigational ability were collected.

Main Results:

  • Environment geometry effects consistent with grid cell models were observed.
  • Serial order effects aligned with path integration models were identified.
  • Geometry and serial order effects combined additively, with trapezoidal environments leading to worse memory, particularly at the end of routes.
  • Higher self-reported navigational ability correlated with greater sensitivity to geometric irregularities.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial memory is influenced by both environmental geometry and the order of navigation.
  • The detrimental effects of geometric irregularities are exacerbated by serial order effects in a combined, additive manner.
  • Individual differences in navigational skills play a crucial role in how people perceive and remember spatial environments.