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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
07:12

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

Convergent Network Localization of Brain Stimulation Targets for Trait Anxiety.

Shan H Siddiqi1,2,3, Julian Klingbeil4, Ryan Webler1,2

  • 1Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston.

The American Journal of Psychiatry
|July 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a brain circuit for anxiety using lesion, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and deep brain stimulation (DBS) data. This convergent circuit offers a potential therapeutic target for brain stimulation in neuropsychiatric conditions.

Keywords:
Anxiety DisordersNeuroanatomyNeuroimagingNeurostimulationTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation

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Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety
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Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Published on: January 20, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
07:12

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety
10:51

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Published on: January 20, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Brain Stimulation
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) can alter brain circuits.
  • Specific stimulation targets may influence anxiety levels, either positively or negatively.
  • Understanding these circuit-based targets is crucial for developing effective neuromodulation therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and localize brain circuit-based stimulation targets for anxiety.
  • To integrate causal information from lesion, TMS, and DBS datasets.
  • To establish a generalizable method for identifying stimulation targets across neuropsychiatric disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed datasets from patients with incidental brain lesions (N=451) and TMS for depression (N=111).
  • Estimated functional connectivity using a normative connectome for identified sites.
  • Examined TMS (N=300) and subthalamic DBS (N=74) datasets, correlating connectivity with anxiety changes.

Main Results:

  • A convergent anxiety circuit was identified, showing similarity between anxiety-related lesions and anxiety-reducing TMS sites (r=0.68).
  • Individualized TMS connectivity to this circuit predicted anxiety changes in an independent dataset.
  • Subthalamic DBS site overlap with the anxiety circuit predicted increased anxiety in Parkinson's disease patients.

Conclusions:

  • A convergent anxiety circuit was successfully identified across diverse datasets (lesions, TMS, DBS).
  • This circuit represents a potential therapeutic target for brain stimulation interventions.
  • The study presents a generalizable framework for discovering stimulation targets in neuropsychiatric conditions.