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Managing patients with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a guideline-driven practical guide for primary care

Steve Fordan1, Imran Afridi2, Andrew Garza3

  • 1Department of Physician Assistant Studies, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.

Postgraduate Medicine
|July 8, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a growing health concern. This review guides primary care physicians in managing CKM syndrome with new multi-benefit therapies for better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a systemic disorder marked by reduced cardiovascular health due to multiple risk factors.
  • The increasing prevalence of CKM syndrome and its components leads to higher morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs, especially for vulnerable populations.
  • CKM syndrome is increasingly recognized as a single, multifactorial disease, necessitating an integrated, interdisciplinary therapeutic strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide primary care physicians (PCPs) with a practical, guideline-driven guide for managing CKM syndrome.
  • To assist PCPs in selecting appropriate therapeutic combinations based on patient disease stage and available multi-benefit treatments.
  • To support PCPs in addressing the root causes of CKM syndrome and improving patient quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evidence and therapeutic developments for CKM syndrome.
  • Analysis of guideline-driven approaches for managing cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic risk factors.
  • Focus on the practical application of new therapies with multi-organ benefits for PCPs.

Main Results:

  • Emerging therapies offer multiple benefits for cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic health.
  • These new treatments present opportunities for addressing CKM syndrome's root causes and managing its progression.
  • Effective management requires PCPs to tailor treatment strategies to individual patient needs and disease stages.

Conclusions:

  • An interdisciplinary approach is crucial for managing CKM syndrome.
  • New multi-benefit therapies can significantly impact CKM syndrome management.
  • PCPs play a vital role in optimizing CKM syndrome care through informed therapeutic decisions.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseasecardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndromechronic kidney diseasediabetesobesitypractical guidanceprimary care

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