Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Environmental and Agricultural Applications

The antimicrobial and catalytic properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) make it a widely studied material. This review aims to highlight the most important synthesis methods, such as physical, chemical, and biological methods, with an emphasis on the green chemistry process because it is more sustainable and environmentally friendly. AgNPs have been used in environmental applications like water treatment, pollutant removal, and pollutant sensing. In agriculture, they are applied in disease control, stress tolerance, and nutrient uptake. The relationship between the performance of the various applications, nanoparticle properties, and synthesis method is also discussed. The review also highlights the need for optimization of synthesis conditions, safe application levels, and understanding of the behavior of AgNPs in soil and environmental systems for responsible use.