Distribution analysis of gynecological carcinomas with concurrent second primary carcinomas

This study investigates the distribution characteristics, occurrence time and clinicopathological correlations of second primary carcinoma (SPC) in patients with cervical carcinoma (CC) and endometrial carcinoma (EC) to guide precise monitoring.

This retrospective study analyzed 253 CC patients and 102 EC patients diagnosed with SPC at Fujian Cancer Hospital between April 2014 and April 2024. Descriptive statistical methods were employed to examine patient age, latency period, and clinicopathological characteristics. Additionally, a spatial distribution analysis of the anatomical sites of second primary cancers was conducted and visualized.

The median age at the initial diagnosis of CC and EC was 52 and 55 years, respectively. The median age of the SPC in CC and EC was 56 and 57.5 years; The median latency periods of SPC was 2 and 0.5 years. Among the CC patients who developed a SPC, 87.0% had cervical squamous cell carcinoma as the pathological type, and mainly in stages I-II(77.5%). The most common sites of SPC occurrence in CC were lung(25.3%), thyroid(22.5%), and breast(11.1%), and 69.1% are at stages I-II. Among the EC patients who developed a SPC, 87.3% have endometrioid adenocarcinoma as the pathological type, and 79.4% have been diagnosed at stage I-II. The SPC of EC mainly occurs in the thyroid(20.6%), ovary(16.7%), cervix(15.7%), and 82.4% occurs at stage I-II.

This investigation on the occurrence of SPC following CC and EC uncovers distinct patterns in their locations and stages, profoundly influenced by their respective pathological types. These findings provide crucial insights for the re-examination of CC and EC, enabling earlier and more precise detection of SPC.