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Modular Core-Substituted Naphthalenediimide-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Red-Light-Driven Photocatalysis.

Zhiruo Tang1, Xiuyue He1, Xin Yuan1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Green and Efficient Development of Phosphorus Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|July 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces novel metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for efficient red-light photocatalysis, overcoming limitations of UV and blue light. One MOF demonstrated significant activity in key organic reactions, paving the way for sustainable chemistry.

Keywords:
core‐substituted naphthalenediimidemetal–organic frameworkmolecular‐level tuningred‐light‐driven photocatalysis

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photocatalysis
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Conventional UV and blue-light photocatalysis face limitations like shallow penetration and photodamage.
  • Developing efficient red-light heterogeneous photocatalysts is challenging.
  • Molecular engineering strategies for red-light photocatalysis are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Design and synthesize novel isostructural metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for efficient red-light photocatalysis.
  • Investigate the performance of these MOFs in photocatalytic reactions.
  • Elucidate the mechanism governing their photocatalytic activity.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two novel isostructural MOFs (NHEt-cNDI-Cu3 and SEt-cNDI-Cu3) based on core-substituted naphthalenediimide (cNDI) dyes.
  • Characterization of MOF properties including surface area and stability.
  • Evaluation of photocatalytic activity under red-light irradiation for sulfide oxidations and oxidative coupling of benzylamine.

Main Results:

  • Both MOFs exhibited high surface area and good stability.
  • NHEt-cNDI-Cu3 showed prominent photocatalytic activity under red light for specific reactions.
  • SEt-cNDI-Cu3 exhibited significantly lower performance under red light compared to its analogue.
  • Mechanistic studies indicated that the LUMO of cNDI-based MOFs dictates photocatalytic reactivity.

Conclusions:

  • The designed cNDI-based MOFs show promise for long-wavelength photocatalysis.
  • This work provides a new platform for molecular engineering of red-light photocatalysts.
  • The findings contribute to the advancement of sustainable chemistry through efficient photocatalysis.