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Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Diols and Pinacol Rearrangement01:57

Preparation of Diols and Pinacol Rearrangement

Compounds bearing two hydroxyl groups are known as diols. When the hydroxyl groups are located on adjacent carbon atoms, the diols are called vicinal diols or glycols. Under acidic conditions, vicinal diols undergo a specific reaction called pinacol rearrangement.
The reaction begins with transferring a proton from the acid catalyst to one of the hydroxyl groups, producing an oxonium ion.
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
Stability of Conjugated Dienes01:28

Stability of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
A comparison of the enthalpies of hydrogenation of dienes reveals that conjugated dienes release less heat on hydrogenation, rendering them more stable than their nonconjugated analogs.
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the surface of...
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation
10:19

Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation

Published on: July 18, 2017

Precursor-Engineered Strategy for Constructing Supported Tetra-Atom Pt Clusters to Boost Propane Dehydrogenation

Panpan Li1, Guangsheng Liu2, Najie Zhuang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.

ACS Nano
|July 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Atomically precise platinum nanoclusters (Pt4/OCNT) significantly boost propane dehydrogenation (PDH) efficiency and propylene selectivity. This breakthrough offers a stable, selective alternative to commercial catalysts.

Keywords:
direct resistive heatingprecursor-engineered strategypropane dehydrogenationsupported clustertetra-atom Pt clusters

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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

Published on: June 24, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Commercial platinum catalysts for propane dehydrogenation (PDH) suffer from unclear active sites, low stability, and poor propylene selectivity.
  • Atomically precise platinum catalysts offer a solution with defined structures and tunable electronic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct and evaluate atomically precise Pt4 nanoclusters supported on oxygen-functionalized carbon nanotubes (Pt4/OCNT) for enhanced PDH performance.
  • To investigate the catalytic mechanism and structure-activity relationship of Pt4/OCNT.

Main Methods:

  • Precursor-engineered synthesis of Pt4 nanoclusters on OCNT.
  • Advanced characterization techniques (e.g., in situ infrared spectroscopy).
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Main Results:

  • Pt4/OCNT demonstrated 99.6% propylene selectivity and superior space-time conversion at 500 °C, outperforming Pt1/OCNT and industrial Pt/C.
  • DFT and in situ studies revealed that Pt4/OCNT stabilizes key intermediates via cooperative multisite interactions, lowering the PDH activation barrier.
  • Weak propylene adsorption on Pt4/OCNT suppressed side reactions and improved selectivity.

Conclusions:

  • A precursor-engineered strategy successfully created atomically precise Pt4/OCNT with controlled nuclearity.
  • Direct resistive heating enhanced catalytic performance during PDH.
  • This work provides a generalizable strategy for designing atomically precise supported cluster catalysts (APSCCs).