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Updated: Jul 10, 2026
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Magnetic Tweezers for the Measurement of Twist and Torque
Published on: May 19, 2014
Observation of Floquet tensor monopoles.
Hao Yuan1,2, Weixuan Zhang1,2, Na Sun1,2
1Key Laboratory of advanced optoelectronic quantum architecture and measurements of Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Summary
We introduce Floquet tensor monopoles (FTMs), dynamic topological singularities, in a 4D non-equilibrium system. Experiments demonstrate driving-frequency controlled FTM motion and unique topological phenomena, opening new avenues for dynamic topological devices.
Area of Science:
- High-energy physics
- Condensed matter physics
- Topological materials
Background:
- Tensor monopoles are topological singularities in Kalb-Ramond tensor gauge fields.
- They are linked to quantized magnetoelectric responses and chiral boundary states.
- Previous research focused on static systems, lacking non-equilibrium dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To theoretically and experimentally implement Floquet tensor monopoles (FTMs) in a 4D non-equilibrium system.
- To investigate the unique topological features and phenomena associated with FTMs.
- To explore the potential for real-time control in dynamic topological systems.
Main Methods:
- Theoretical modeling of Floquet tensor monopoles in a 4D non-equilibrium framework.
- Experimental fabrication of time-varying topological circuits.
- Observation of FTM creation, motion, annihilation, and bulk-edge correspondence via driving frequency control.
Main Results:
- Successful theoretical and experimental realization of FTMs in a 4D non-equilibrium system.
- Demonstration of driving-frequency controlled creation, motion, and annihilation of FTMs.
- Observation of anomalous bulk-edge correspondence and 3D Fermi-arc surface states unique to FTMs.
Conclusions:
- FTMs represent a novel class of topological defects in dynamic systems.
- The findings extend tensor monopole research into the non-equilibrium regime.
- This work provides a platform for exploring dynamic topological phases and developing real-time controllable topological devices.
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