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A Microfluidic Approach for the Study of Ice and Clathrate Hydrate Crystallization
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Room-temperature hyperpolarization via polarization relay through rapid cocrystallization.

Haruki Sato1, Makoto Negoro2,3,4, Akinori Kagawa2,3

  • 1Graduate School of Science and Technology for Innovation, Tokushima University Tokushima 770-8506 Japan.

Chemical Science
|July 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

We developed HYCOR, a novel polarization-relay strategy, to transfer hyperpolarization from triplet dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) to target molecules. This method overcomes limitations of traditional DNP, enabling enhanced 13C polarization of difficult-to-polarize compounds like pyruvic acid.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Magnetic resonance imaging
  • Quantum chemistry

Background:

  • Hyperpolarization techniques significantly enhance NMR/MRI sensitivity.
  • Triplet dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is limited to solids with long relaxation times.
  • Efficient polarization transfer to diverse molecules remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce HYCOR (HYperpolarization via COcrystallization and Relay) for efficient polarization transfer.
  • Enable room-temperature 13C hyperpolarization of target molecules.
  • Demonstrate HYCOR using pyruvic acid as a benchmark.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized triplet DNP to hyperpolarize a mediator (pentacene in picolinamide).
  • Employed rapid cocrystallization to transfer polarization to target molecules (pyruvic acid).
  • Analyzed polarization loss kinetics and factors influencing HYCOR efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Achieved room-temperature 13C polarization of pyruvic acid via HYCOR.
  • Demonstrated significant solid-state (0.012%) and dissolved-state (0.0028%) polarization.
  • Identified kinetic competition between cocrystallization and relaxation as key to efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • HYCOR successfully extends triplet DNP to target molecules with short relaxation times.
  • This polarization-relay strategy offers a new pathway for hyperpolarizing diverse compounds.
  • HYCOR has potential applications in fields requiring enhanced NMR/MRI sensitivity.