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Cadaveric Analysis of Accessory Foramina in the Orbito-Sphenoid Region.
Dominic Venardi1, Sunny Patel1, Rachel Gutkin1
1Anatomy, A.T. Still University - Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kirksville, USA.
Cureus
|July 9, 2026
Summary
Accessory foramina in the orbito-sphenoid region were confirmed in this study. Presurgical visualization is crucial for minimizing neurovascular risks and improving surgical outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Craniology
- Surgical Anatomy
Background:
- The orbito-sphenoid region is critical for neurovascular structures.
- Anatomical variations can impact surgical procedures and patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To confirm the presence of accessory foramina in the orbito-sphenoid region.
- To highlight the implications of these variations for neurovascular injury and surgical outcomes.
- To emphasize the importance of presurgical visualization.
Main Methods:
- Examination of 10 donor skulls from A.T. Still University's Gift of Body Program.
- Dissection of the optic canal and superior orbital fissure.
- Analysis of cranial variations, including accessory foramina.
Main Results:
- Accessory foramina were identified in three donor skulls (two bilateral, one left-sided).
- Foramina diameters ranged from 0.687 mm to 1.204 mm (mean 1.015 mm).
- Cranial remodeling is a likely cause of these variations, underscoring the need for preoperative imaging.
Conclusions:
- The presence of accessory foramina in the orbito-sphenoid region is confirmed.
- Presurgical visualization is essential for mitigating neurovascular risks.
- Further research in diverse populations is needed to fully understand clinical implications and enhance surgical planning.
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