Catholic Bioethics Perspectives on In Vitro Gametogenesis Technology

In vitro gametogenesis (IVG) represents a paradigm shift in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) by offering the potential to derive human sperm and eggs from somatic cells such as skin fibroblasts. This introduces profound ethical, legal, and social challenges. This article explores Catholic bioethics perspectives on IVG, evaluating its proposed applications against foundational theological principles, including the sanctity of life, the nature of marriage, and the dignity of procreation. It examines the use of IVG for addressing primary and age-related infertility, facilitating transgender and intersex parenthood, and preventing the transmission of genetic diseases. Furthermore, it critically assesses more controversial applications, such as posthumous reproduction; mass production of donor gametes; same-sex, solo, and multiplex parenthood; and the genetic enhancement of offspring. Drawing upon Catholic moral frameworks, the analysis highlights the tension between the therapeutic desire to alleviate infertility and the ethical imperative to uphold the natural order of reproduction. The article concludes that while IVG may offer novel solutions for certain reproductive challenges, its broader applications risk commodifying human life, fracturing traditional family structures, and advancing eugenic ideologies, necessitating robust ethical reflection and regulatory oversight.