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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
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Published on: August 18, 2020

Mental Health and Serious Drug Crime: A Case-Control Study.

Morten Hesse1, Julie Elizabeth Brummer1, Freja Ilsing Magnussen1

  • 1Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health : CBMH
|July 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Individuals convicted of serious drug crimes have similar rates of mental disorders as minor drug offenders. This suggests mental health issues do not preclude involvement in serious drug offenses, highlighting vulnerability to recruitment.

Keywords:
drug crimedrug tradingmental healthpsychiatric disordersregister data

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Criminology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Serious drug crime often requires collaborators and involves high risks.
  • Prior research emphasized economic, social, and work factors in drug crime.
  • Limited research has explored the mental health of individuals involved in serious drug crime.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of mental disorders among individuals convicted of serious drug crimes in Denmark.
  • The study cohort included individuals born after 1984 with national identification numbers, convicted between 2001-2020.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of four groups: large-scale serious drug offenders (≥5 years imprisonment), moderate-scale serious drug offenders (<5 years imprisonment), small-scale drug offenders, and matched general population controls.
  • Mental disorders were identified using national hospital and pharmacy registers.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of any mental disorder was 32% in large-scale, 36% in moderate-scale, and 36% in small-scale drug offender groups.
  • These rates were substantially higher than in the general population control group (23%).
  • Similar patterns were observed for specific mental disorders across the groups.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the notion that serious drug crime necessitates traits incompatible with mental disorders.
  • Individuals with serious drug convictions show a similar need for mental health services as minor drug offenders.
  • People with mental disorders may be particularly vulnerable to recruitment into serious drug crime.