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Mapping construction risk in Indonesia: Province-level evidence from CWA records
Bangun Marpaung1, Wei-Tong Chen1, Ying-Hua Huang2
1Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliu.
Work (Reading, Mass.)
|July 9, 2026
Summary
Construction accidents in Indonesia peak from October to December, with new projects being highest risk. Increasing construction workforce with non-safety expertise (CWN-SE) correlates with fewer accidents, suggesting a need for risk-based safety policies.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health and Safety
- Construction Management
- System Dynamics
Background:
- Analyzes 14,962 construction worker accidents (CWAs) in Indonesia (2014-2020).
- Conceptualizes accidents as systemic, influenced by workforce, organizational, and temporal factors.
- Examines spatial, temporal, and project-specific accident patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- Identify high-risk areas for CWAs relative to workforce size.
- Analyze temporal trends and seasonality of accidents.
- Assess workforce characteristics, safety capacity gaps, and recommend interventions for high-risk projects.
Main Methods:
- Summarized accident frequencies and proportions.
- Applied chi-square, Fisher's Exact Test, ANOVA, and Welch ANOVA.
- Utilized time series analysis, Pearson correlation, and negative binomial regression.
Main Results:
- CWAs exhibit uneven spatial and seasonal distribution, peaking October-December.
- New projects, industrial, residential, and transportation sectors face the highest accident risk.
- Negative binomial regression showed a negative correlation between construction workforce non-safety expertise (CWN-SE) and accident rates.
Conclusions:
- Temporal factors, project type, and safety capacity significantly influence construction accidents.
- Higher proportions of non-safety expertise in the workforce correlate with fewer accidents.
- Safety policies should be risk-based, systems-oriented, and adaptable to temporal and project dynamics.
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