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Related Concept Videos

Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss01:57

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
Thermal Stress01:09

Thermal Stress

If the temperature of an object is changed while it is prevented from expanding or contracting, the object is subjected to stress. The stress is compressive if the object expands in the absence of constraint and tensile if it contracts. This stress resulting from temperature change is known as thermal stress. It can be quite large and can cause damage. To avoid this stress, engineers may design components so they can expand and contract freely. For instance, on highways, gaps are deliberately...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...

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Adaptive and Highly Efficient Thermoregulation Based on Multi-Dimensional Janus Film.

Yuqing Shi1,2, Yuting Fu3, Xiong Yu1

  • 1School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|July 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a switchable dual-mode thermoregulation system using a TiO2/MXene/PDMS (TMP) Janus film. This innovative material provides adaptive cooling and heating, offering sustainable solutions for intelligent indoor temperature control.

Keywords:
janus filmradiative coolingsolar heatingsustainabilitythermoregulation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Sustainable Energy

Background:

  • Thermoregulation is crucial for energy efficiency and comfort.
  • Existing devices often lack adaptability for varying environmental conditions (e.g., day/night, seasonal changes).
  • Need for sustainable and eco-friendly temperature modulation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a switchable dual-mode thermoregulation system.
  • To create an adaptive temperature regulation solution for practical applications.
  • To investigate a Janus film for both cooling and heating functionalities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a TiO2/MXene/PDMS (TMP) Janus film.
  • Characterization of solar scattering and mid-infrared (MIR) emissivity properties.
  • Integration with smart control modules for autonomous mode switching.

Main Results:

  • The TMP Janus film exhibits high solar reflectivity (97%) and MIR emissivity (91%) in cooling mode.
  • The film achieves high solar absorption (91%) in heating mode.
  • Demonstrated sub-ambient cooling up to 17.89°C and above-ambient heating up to 13.82°C.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Janus film offers a reversible and adaptive thermoregulation solution.
  • This technology provides a sustainable and effective strategy for intelligent indoor temperature regulation.
  • The system demonstrates significant potential for eco-friendly building and personal climate control.