Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Should Chronic Ocular Surface Pain (COSP) Be Considered the 11th Chronic Overlapping Pain Condition (COPC)?

American journal of ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Which features best differentiate Sjögren's-related from non-Sjögren's-related dry eye disease?

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
Same author

Corneal nerve alterations in migraine: a systematic review of in vivo confocal microscopy and esthesiometry findings.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2026
Same author

Standardized Classification System for Dysphotopsia Reporting.

Ophthalmology. Glaucoma·2026
Same author

Corneal Innervation Research at a Crossroads: A Tool-Driven Roadmap for the Future.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026
Same author

Chronic Ocular Surface Pain: A Missing Member of the Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions?

Drugs·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile
05:46

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile

Published on: September 20, 2024

Ocular Symptoms After Refractive Surgery.

Sujin Kang1, Jason D Betz1, Elyana V T Locatelli1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.

JAMA Ophthalmology
|July 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Postoperative pain trajectories after refractive surgery vary significantly. Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and preoperative factors like dry eye increase the risk of prolonged pain following laser vision correction.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile
05:46

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile

Published on: September 20, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Surgery
  • Patient Outcomes

Background:

  • Understanding longitudinal ocular symptom patterns after refractive surgery is crucial for patient-centered care.
  • Identifying risk factors for prolonged symptoms can improve postoperative management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize ocular symptom trajectories after LASIK and PRK.
  • To describe symptom descriptors over time.
  • To identify baseline factors associated with pain trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, multicenter cohort study.
  • Adults undergoing LASIK or PRK evaluated preoperatively and at 1 day, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively.
  • Ocular pain intensity measured using a numerical rating scale (NRS); clinically relevant pain defined as NRS ≥ 3.

Main Results:

  • Symptom trajectories were heterogeneous: no pain (28.8%), pain at 1 day only (43.9%), prolonged pain (18.1%).
  • Prolonged pain associated with PRK, preoperative lubricating drop use, chronic low back pain, and higher dry eye questionnaire scores.
  • Corneal staining at 6 months correlated with lower odds of prolonged pain.

Conclusions:

  • Postoperative ocular symptom trajectories after refractive surgery exhibit distinct patterns.
  • Baseline factors are associated with these trajectories, aiding in risk stratification.
  • A trajectory-based approach offers insights into recovery and may guide perioperative management.