Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 12, 2026
Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults
Published on: April 22, 2022
UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-based targeted phenolic profiling and chemometric characterization of walnut (Juglans regia L.)
Busra Celik Acoglu1, Perihan Yolci Omeroglu1, Muhammed Alpgiray Celik2
1Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Türkiye.
Abstract:
Considering that Anatolia, Türkiye, is a primary gene center for walnut (Juglans regia L.), investigating phenolic profile variability is important for germplasm characterization and understanding compositional differences among walnut cultivars. This study evaluated 41 walnut samples representing ten cultivars using targeted phenolic profiling by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS combined with chemometric analysis. Ten major phenolic compounds were quantified, with ellagic acid and catechin identified as predominant quantified compounds, exhibiting wide concentration ranges (12,844.6-248,722.8 μg/kg DM and 4215.1-78,818.0 μg/kg DM, respectively), indicating pronounced compositional variability. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) revealed exploratory grouping trends associated with cultivar and geographical origin. Significant intra-cultivar variability among different growing locations suggests that environmental and agronomic factors may contribute to the observed differences in phenolic profiles. Integrating high-resolution LC-MS profiling with multivariate statistics provides a promising chemometric approach for exploring phenolic variability and differentiation trends among Anatolian walnut cultivars from selected international reference samples.
