Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Patient-Specific Polyvinyl Alcohol Phantom Fabrication with Ultrasound and X-Ray Contrast for Brain Tumor Surgery Planning

Patient-Specific Polyvinyl Alcohol Phantom Fabrication with Ultrasound and X-Ray Contrast for Brain Tumor Surgery Planning

Published on: July 14, 2020

A Realistic In Silico Brain Phantom for Quantifying Susceptibility Anisotropy-Induced Error in Susceptibility

Daniel Ridani¹, Benjamin De Leener^1,2,3, Eva Alonso-Ortiz^1,2,4

¹NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

|July 10, 2026

Summary

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Patterns of Muscle Health in Single- and Multi-Site Chronic Pain: A UK Biobank Normative Modeling Study.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Same author

Charting Cervical Spinal Cord Morphometry Across the Lifespan.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Spinal cord structural and functional architecture and its shared organization with the brain across the adult lifespan.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Tensor Decomposition-Based Multi-Signal Matrix Pencil Method for Myelin Water Fraction Estimation.

Magnetic resonance in medicine·2026

Same author

Parkinson's disease in the spinal cord: An exploratory study to establish T2*w, MTR and diffusion-weighted imaging metric values.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2025

Same author

EPISeg: Automated segmentation of the spinal cord on echo planar images using open-access multi-center data.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2025

Susceptibility anisotropy significantly impacts quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) algorithm accuracy, increasing errors by up to 53% in negative susceptibility estimates. Incorporating this anisotropy into QSM models is crucial for improved performance.

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Computational Neuroscience
Biophysics

Background:

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is essential for analyzing magnetic susceptibility in biological tissues.
Existing QSM validation phantoms often lack the ability to model complex magnetic properties like susceptibility anisotropy.
Accurate QSM is vital for understanding various neurological conditions and tissue properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a realistic in silico brain phantom capable of simulating both positive and negative magnetic susceptibility with anisotropy.
To evaluate the performance of different susceptibility separation algorithms under varying conditions of susceptibility anisotropy and noise.
To provide a validated numerical tool for assessing the accuracy and robustness of QSM algorithms.

Main Methods:

Keywords:

MRI simulations brain phantom susceptibility anisotropy susceptibility separation

More Related Videos

Use of a Multi-compartment Dynamic Single Enzyme Phantom for Studies of Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Agents

Use of a Multi-compartment Dynamic Single Enzyme Phantom for Studies of Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Agents

Published on: April 15, 2016

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Patient-Specific Polyvinyl Alcohol Phantom Fabrication with Ultrasound and X-Ray Contrast for Brain Tumor Surgery Planning

Patient-Specific Polyvinyl Alcohol Phantom Fabrication with Ultrasound and X-Ray Contrast for Brain Tumor Surgery Planning

Published on: July 14, 2020

Use of a Multi-compartment Dynamic Single Enzyme Phantom for Studies of Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Agents

Use of a Multi-compartment Dynamic Single Enzyme Phantom for Studies of Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Agents

Published on: April 15, 2016

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

An existing QSM validation phantom was modified to include separate maps for positive and negative magnetic susceptibility, with anisotropy modeling.
Multi-echo gradient echo data were simulated using the enhanced phantom to test four susceptibility separation techniques: χ-separation, DECOMPOSE-QSM, APART-QSM, and R2*-QSM.
Simulations were conducted at various Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) levels (50, 100, 200, 300) to assess algorithm robustness to noise.

Main Results:

Susceptibility anisotropy increased errors in negative susceptibility estimates by up to 53% compared to simulations without anisotropy.
The χ-separation algorithm demonstrated the highest sensitivity to susceptibility anisotropy.
Algorithm robustness to noise varied, with APART-QSM showing the highest robustness and χ-separation the lowest.

Conclusions:

The developed open-source in silico brain phantom provides a reliable numerical ground truth for QSM algorithm evaluation.
The study highlights the critical need to incorporate susceptibility anisotropy into QSM models to enhance accuracy.
Findings underscore the importance of phantom development in advancing quantitative susceptibility mapping techniques.