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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: January 11, 2020
Does lifestyle intervention lower clinically significant cognitive impairment risk?
Mark A Espeland1,2, Rebecca H Neiberg2, Stephen R Rapp3,4
1Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Introduction:
Multidomain lifestyle interventions have been demonstrated to benefit cognitive function but it is unknown whether they reduce risk for clinically significant cognitive impairment sCI (mild cognitive impairment or dementia).
Methods:
The Action for Health in Diabetes administered repeated cognitive assessments in adults who had been enrolled in a 10-year clinical trial of a multidomain Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI) versus Diabetes Support and Education (DSE).
Results:
N = 3655 underwent at least one assessment of cognitive status during 12-14 years of post-trial follow-up. The relative impact of ILI on sCI incidence varied by baseline body mass index (BMI, interaction p = 0.004): hazard ratio (HR) = 0.64 [0.46,0.89] for BMI 25-29 kg/m2, HR = 0.98 [0.85,1.16] for BMI 30-39 kg/m2, and HR = 1.40 [1.01,1.93] for BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2.
Discussion:
A long-term multidomain lifestyle intervention may markedly reduce the risk of incident sCI among adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight but not obesity.
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