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Updated: Jul 12, 2026
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A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: January 11, 2020
Does lifestyle intervention lower clinically significant cognitive impairment risk?
Mark A Espeland1,2, Rebecca H Neiberg2, Stephen R Rapp3,4
1Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Summary
A long-term lifestyle intervention reduced clinically significant cognitive impairment in adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight. The intervention did not show benefits for those with obesity, highlighting the importance of body mass index in cognitive health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Clinical Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Multidomain lifestyle interventions show promise for cognitive function.
- The impact of these interventions on clinically significant cognitive impairment (sCI) risk remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if a long-term multidomain lifestyle intervention reduces the risk of sCI in adults with type 2 diabetes.
- To investigate the influence of baseline body mass index (BMI) on the intervention's effectiveness.
Main Methods:
- The Action for Health in Diabetes trial followed 3655 adults with type 2 diabetes for 10 years.
- Participants were assigned to either an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI) or Diabetes Support and Education (DSE).
- Cognitive status was assessed repeatedly during 12-14 years of post-trial follow-up.
Main Results:
- The ILI reduced sCI risk in individuals with a BMI of 25-29 kg/m² (HR=0.64).
- No significant risk reduction was observed for those with BMI 30-39 kg/m² (HR=0.98).
- The intervention was associated with an increased risk of sCI in individuals with BMI ≥40 kg/m² (HR=1.40).
Conclusions:
- A long-term multidomain lifestyle intervention may significantly lower the risk of incident sCI in overweight adults with type 2 diabetes.
- The intervention's effectiveness in preventing sCI is dependent on baseline BMI, showing no benefit for individuals with obesity.
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