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Clinical characteristics of Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in 145 children: a single-centre retrospective study

Yongkang Wang1, Tianyu Huang1, Weikang Gao1

  • 1Department No. 1 of Respiratory Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital/National Regional Center for Children's Health, Xi'an, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|July 10, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in children often presents with cough and minimal fever in older children. Recognizing these clinical features aids in prompt diagnosis and treatment of childhood C. pneumoniae pneumonia.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) is a significant cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children.
  • Understanding the specific clinical profile of CP pneumonia is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical features of Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in pediatric patients.
  • To identify key indicators for early diagnosis and targeted therapy.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.
  • Clinical data from 145 children diagnosed with CP pneumonia were analyzed.
  • Data included demographics, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, imaging, and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Cough was the predominant symptom (99.3%), often without significant fever (44.8%).
  • Unilateral lung involvement was common (109 cases).
  • Azithromycin and doxycycline were the primary treatments used.

Conclusions:

  • Older children with cough, minimal fever, lobar consolidation, and normal inflammatory markers may have CP pneumonia.
  • Early identification of these characteristic signs improves diagnostic accuracy and treatment timeliness for childhood CP pneumonia.
Abstract

Keywords:
Chlamydia pneumoniaechildrenclinical analysispneumoniatreatment

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