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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

Long-Term Brain White Matter Outcomes Following Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury

Ryan C Ward, Emily J Steinbach, Peg Nopoulos

    Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
    |July 10, 2026
    PubMed

    Insights

    Neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) in intensive care may lead to higher white matter integrity in children, suggesting complex long-term brain effects. Further research is needed to understand these neurodevelopmental outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal research
    • Neuroscience
    • Pediatric intensive care

    Background:

    • Neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) is prevalent in intensive care units.
    • AKI is associated with abnormal neurodevelopment, but long-term brain structural effects are unknown.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate long-term effects of neonatal AKI on white matter integrity in preterm children.
    • To compare brain white matter microstructure in children with and without a history of neonatal AKI.

    Main Methods:

    • Secondary analysis of 3T MRI data from children aged 5-12 years.
    • Comparison of fractional anisotropy (FA) in white matter regions between preterm children with (n=5) and without (n=10) neonatal AKI history.
    • Statistical adjustments for sex, birth weight, and age at MRI.

    Main Results:

    • Children with prior neonatal AKI showed higher FA across seven white matter regions.
    • Significantly greater FA persisted in the corticospinal tract and superior frontooccipital fasciculus after adjustments.
    • Elevated FA may indicate compensatory glial responses, not necessarily improved neurological function.

    Conclusions:

    • Neonatal AKI may have lasting and complex effects on white matter microstructure.
    • Findings suggest potential alterations in brain development following neonatal kidney injury.
    • Larger studies combining neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments are required.

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