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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

Long-Term Brain White Matter Outcomes Following Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury.

Ryan C Ward, Emily J Steinbach, Peg Nopoulos

    Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
    |July 10, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) in intensive care may lead to higher white matter integrity in children, suggesting complex long-term brain effects. Further research is needed to understand these neurodevelopmental outcomes.

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    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
    09:02

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    Published on: February 2, 2021

    Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats
    07:56

    Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats

    Published on: April 21, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal research
    • Neuroscience
    • Pediatric intensive care

    Background:

    • Neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) is prevalent in intensive care units.
    • AKI is associated with abnormal neurodevelopment, but long-term brain structural effects are unknown.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate long-term effects of neonatal AKI on white matter integrity in preterm children.
    • To compare brain white matter microstructure in children with and without a history of neonatal AKI.

    Main Methods:

    • Secondary analysis of 3T MRI data from children aged 5-12 years.
    • Comparison of fractional anisotropy (FA) in white matter regions between preterm children with (n=5) and without (n=10) neonatal AKI history.
    • Statistical adjustments for sex, birth weight, and age at MRI.

    Main Results:

    • Children with prior neonatal AKI showed higher FA across seven white matter regions.
    • Significantly greater FA persisted in the corticospinal tract and superior frontooccipital fasciculus after adjustments.
    • Elevated FA may indicate compensatory glial responses, not necessarily improved neurological function.

    Conclusions:

    • Neonatal AKI may have lasting and complex effects on white matter microstructure.
    • Findings suggest potential alterations in brain development following neonatal kidney injury.
    • Larger studies combining neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments are required.