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Humeral Avulsion of Glenohumeral Ligament Lesion - A Case Report and Surgical Considerations
Prashu Ethirajan1, A K Sanjay1, Vignesh Murali1
1Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Introduction:
Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) is a rare but important cause of shoulder instability, often underdiagnosed due to subtle imaging findings and associated common injuries like rotator cuff tears, resulting in persistent pain, recurrent instability, and failure of conventional stabilization procedures.
Case Report:
We present a case of a 48-year-old male who sustained an anterior HAGL lesion with an associated subscapularis tear following a traumatic anterior shoulder displacement. Magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic visualization confirmed the diagnosis. The patient underwent arthroscopic restoration of the anterior humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament with knotless PEEK anchors. Postoperatively, the patient demonstrated better outcome scores and range of motion at 6-month follow-up.
Conclusion:
Early identification and surgical repair of HAGL lesions are crucial in restoring shoulder stability, especially in active individuals. Arthroscopic techniques provide excellent visualization and outcomes comparable to or superior to open repair when appropriately indicated.