Navigating Change: A Qualitative Study of Menstrual Hygiene Practices in Rural Communities

There has been a growing shift toward menstrual hygiene practices.

The objective of the study was to explore the challenges faced and the current trend of change regarding menstrual hygiene practices from self-help group (SHG) members and to identify effective coping mechanisms for school-aged children to manage regular menstruation challenges through the force field analysis technique.

Triangulation of qualitative research methods such as focused group discussion and participatory rural appraisal techniques like trend analysis (SHG members ( n = 23) belonging to 35-55 years) and Force field analysis (school girls belonging to age groups 12-19 years [ n = 14]) were conducted in the community. All the activity took place in the seating area beneath the shade of tree, which was convenient for all the participants. Ethical principals were adhered to throughout the study. Manual content analysis was done.

Broad three themes emerged during FDG, they are: Cultural practice and belief; health and hygiene, and dietary practices. Participants' transcript were coded, and twelve codes emerged, and the following six categories emerged. The trend analysis showed that almost many women use pads at present (red beads), when compared to their grandmother's times, when cotton clothes (cotton balls) were used. From FFA, it was found that preparedness by elder sister and friend has been a major positive force helping in coping menstrual difficulties in early stage.

Efforts must focus on comprehensive education at grassroot level, from primary education, family support, community engagement, and improved facilities to create an environment where adolescent girls can thrive.