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Published on: December 6, 2016
Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Cleft-Affected Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Tassneem Elagib1, Yi Fan1, Marie A Cornelis1
1Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Summary
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) affects 16% of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). Syndromic CL/P cases show higher SDB prevalence, underscoring the need for targeted screening and further research.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Sleep Medicine
- Craniofacial Anomalies
Background:
- Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a significant concern in pediatric populations.
- Children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) may have an increased risk of SDB due to anatomical factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence of SDB in children with CL/P.
- To identify associated risk factors for SDB in this population.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases (MEDLINE, Embase, etc.) up to April 2025.
- Seven observational studies involving 1567 children with CL/P were included in the meta-analysis.
- Validated sleep questionnaires were primarily used, with polysomnography (PSG) in two studies.
Main Results:
- The overall estimated prevalence of SDB in children with CL/P was 16% (95% CI: 12-21%).
- Prevalence was significantly higher in syndromic CL/P (32%) compared to nonsyndromic cases (8.8-18%).
- Over 75% of children who screened positive for SDB were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea via PSG.
Conclusions:
- Sleep-disordered breathing is common in children with CL/P, especially those with syndromic conditions.
- Current evidence highlights a need for standardized SDB assessment and further research in this vulnerable group.
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