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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Cleft-Affected Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tassneem Elagib1, Yi Fan1, Marie A Cornelis1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal : Official Publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association
|July 10, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) affects 16% of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). Syndromic CL/P cases show higher SDB prevalence, underscoring the need for targeted screening and further research.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Craniofacial Anomalies

Background:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a significant concern in pediatric populations.
  • Children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) may have an increased risk of SDB due to anatomical factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence of SDB in children with CL/P.
  • To identify associated risk factors for SDB in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases (MEDLINE, Embase, etc.) up to April 2025.
  • Seven observational studies involving 1567 children with CL/P were included in the meta-analysis.
  • Validated sleep questionnaires were primarily used, with polysomnography (PSG) in two studies.

Main Results:

  • The overall estimated prevalence of SDB in children with CL/P was 16% (95% CI: 12-21%).
  • Prevalence was significantly higher in syndromic CL/P (32%) compared to nonsyndromic cases (8.8-18%).
  • Over 75% of children who screened positive for SDB were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea via PSG.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing is common in children with CL/P, especially those with syndromic conditions.
  • Current evidence highlights a need for standardized SDB assessment and further research in this vulnerable group.

Keywords:
cleft lip and palatemeta-analysisobstructive sleep apneapediatricprevalencesleep-disordered breathingsystematic review

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