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Personality Traits and Their Association With Medication Non-Adherence in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.

Pegah Mashhadiakbar1, Michael Hecker1, Niklas Frahm1

  • 1Neuroimmunology Section, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
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Summary

Personality traits significantly impact medication adherence in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Understanding these traits can help identify pwMS who need support for better treatment management.

Keywords:
anxietycomorbiditiesdepressionmedication adherencemultiple sclerosispersonality traitspolypharmacytemperament and character

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated central nervous system disorder requiring lifelong management.
  • Medication adherence is critical for favorable outcomes in people with MS (pwMS), yet non-adherence is common.
  • This study investigated the influence of personality traits on medication adherence in pwMS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between individual personality traits and suboptimal medication adherence in pwMS.
  • To identify clinical, sociodemographic, and psychometric factors associated with non-adherence.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 397 pwMS.
  • Assessed personality traits using NEO Five-Factor Inventory and Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised.
  • Screened for anxiety and depression; compared adherent and non-adherent groups.

Main Results:

  • 19.9% of pwMS reported missing medication monthly.
  • Non-adherent pwMS were younger, with lower disability and disease severity.
  • Non-adherence linked to lower self-directedness/compassion, higher shyness/self-forgetfulness/anxiety, and higher depression rates.

Conclusions:

  • Personality traits are associated with medication use patterns in pwMS.
  • Clinical-demographic factors and personality traits predict non-adherence.
  • Individual patient characteristics are vital for identifying and supporting pwMS with adherence challenges.