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Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
Published on: June 11, 2012
Effects of an e-Coach Program on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Patients Self-administering Their First
Mengtian Zhang1, Lishuang Zhao2, Hui Huang3
1Department of Medical Record Statistics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
JMIR Formative Research
|July 10, 2026
Summary
The e-coach program improved insulin knowledge and attitudes in patients administering their first insulin injection. However, it did not significantly improve insulin practices, suggesting a need for further research on long-term clinical outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Diabetes Management
- Patient Education
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Improving patient understanding and self-management of insulin therapy is crucial.
- A need exists for structured programs to support patients during their initial insulin self-administration.
- The temporal self-regulation theory provides a framework for developing effective patient support tools.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of an e-coach program, based on temporal self-regulation theory, on insulin knowledge, attitudes, and practices.
- To assess the impact of the e-coach intervention on patients beginning self-administration of insulin.
Main Methods:
- A quasi-experimental design was employed in a Chinese hospital setting.
- The intervention group received the "COACHING" e-coach program, while the control group received standard care.
- Repeated-measures ANCOVA was used to compare outcomes, controlling for baseline differences in glucose monitoring frequency.
Main Results:
- The e-coach program significantly improved total insulin knowledge scores (P<.001) and total insulin attitude scores (P<.001).
- While statistically significant between-group effects were observed for insulin practice scores (P=.004), time and interaction effects were not significant.
- Follow-up data from 75 patients (40 intervention, 35 control) were analyzed.
Conclusions:
- The e-coach intervention effectively enhanced insulin knowledge and attitudes among patients starting insulin injections.
- The study did not demonstrate a significant improvement in insulin practice scores with the current intervention duration.
- Further investigation with longer follow-up is recommended to ascertain the long-term clinical benefits of the e-coach program.
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