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Published on: November 9, 2019

The relationship between esports and cognitive function: A scoping review.

Mingyang Lu¹, Hwanho Lee¹, Inae Yoon²

¹Department of Physical Education, Dankook University, Yongin, South Korea.

|July 10, 2026

Summary

Competitive esports players may exhibit enhanced cognitive functions like executive control and attention. However, current research is limited, preventing definitive conclusions on whether gaming improves cognition or vice versa.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Sports Science
Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

Esports has grown significantly, raising questions about its impact on cognitive abilities.
Understanding the relationship between gaming and cognition is crucial for both performance enhancement and potential health implications.

Purpose of the Study:

To map and synthesize empirical evidence on the link between esports participation and cognitive function.
To examine specific cognitive domains including executive control, attention, and visuospatial memory.

Main Methods:

A scoping review following PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
Searches conducted in PubMed and Web of Science.
Inclusion of nine empirical studies with diverse designs (cross-sectional, intervention, experimental, qualitative).

Main Results:

Evidence suggests potential cognitive advantages in competitive esports players, particularly in executive control and attentional flexibility.
Findings were heterogeneous, varying by game genre, participant classification, and cognitive tasks.
Most studies were cross-sectional, limiting causal inferences.

Conclusions:

The current evidence base is insufficient to establish causality between esports participation and cognitive improvement.
Pre-existing cognitive abilities might influence esports expertise.
Future research requires longitudinal and experimental designs with standardized measures for robust conclusions.