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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:22

Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the myocardium requiring meticulous nursing management for optimal patient outcomes. Effective management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, paying close attention to past infections, autoimmune disorders, travel history, and exposure to toxins or drugs. Recent viral infections and systemic diseases are particularly relevant due to their potential role in triggering myocarditis.Physical Examination and MonitoringThe...
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...

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Reductive carboxylation via isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 supports cardiac metabolic adaptation during oncometabolic stress.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Analyzing Ex Vivo Metabolic Flux in Splenic and Cardiac Macrophages and Bone Marrow Monocytes
06:26

Analyzing Ex Vivo Metabolic Flux in Splenic and Cardiac Macrophages and Bone Marrow Monocytes

Published on: March 28, 2025

Emerging Roles for Metabolism in Myocardial Inflammation During Heart Failure.

Zipporah Erebholo1, Anja Karlstaedt1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Immunological Reviews
|July 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Heart failure involves metabolic changes, with immune cells and heart cells interacting. Understanding these metabolic links is key to developing new heart failure treatments.

Keywords:
heart failureimmunometabolismimmunotherapiesinflammationmetabolic adaptationprocessestherapeutic approaches

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Analyzing Ex Vivo Metabolic Flux in Splenic and Cardiac Macrophages and Bone Marrow Monocytes
06:26

Analyzing Ex Vivo Metabolic Flux in Splenic and Cardiac Macrophages and Bone Marrow Monocytes

Published on: March 28, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Metabolic alterations are characteristic of heart failure, varying with disease stage.
  • The immune system is crucial for cardiac repair and injury during heart failure progression.
  • Interactions between immune cell metabolism and cardiomyocyte metabolism influence cellular states and communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the metabolic links between immune cells and cardiomyocytes in heart failure.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting cardiac immunometabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on heart failure, metabolism, and immunology.
  • Analysis of molecular intersections between cardiac immune cells and cardiomyocytes.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of immunometabolic pathways in the heart.

Main Results:

  • Identified critical metabolic interactions between immune cells and cardiomyocytes.
  • Highlighted the role of these interactions in cardiac repair and injury.
  • Emphasized the heterogeneity of metabolic alterations across heart failure stages.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding cardiac immunometabolism is essential for developing targeted heart failure therapies.
  • Metabolic reprogramming in immune cells and cardiomyocytes offers therapeutic targets.
  • Further research into these molecular intersections can guide novel treatment strategies.