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Related Concept Videos

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Transduction01:16

Transduction

Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome are...

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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
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Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Published on: February 13, 2016

NIR-Triggered On-Demand Synergistic Therapy for Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections Via a Smart Phase-Transition

Ting Du1, Meng Wang1, Xixuan Chen1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|July 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A novel hydrogel incorporating a multi-enzyme nanozyme effectively combats multidrug-resistant bacteria and biofilms. This temperature-responsive material promotes wound healing via synergistic photothermal, chemodynamic, and CO gas therapies, offering a promising strategy for infection treatment.

Keywords:
gel–sol phase‐transition hydrogelmultienzyme activityphotodynamic/ chemodynamic/CO gas therapywound healing

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Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization
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Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
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Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization
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Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization

Published on: January 24, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and biofilms present a critical challenge in wound healing.
  • Existing treatments often struggle with efficacy against resistant strains and complex biofilm structures.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to address these limitations and promote effective wound regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multifunctional, temperature-responsive hydrogel (CPAM/GS) for treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and biofilms.
  • To incorporate a novel nanozyme (CeO2@PtAu@Mn2(CO)10) with multi-enzyme activities into the hydrogel matrix.
  • To evaluate the synergistic therapeutic effects of photothermal therapy, chemodynamic therapy, and carbon monoxide (CO) gas therapy for enhanced wound healing.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a temperature-responsive gelatin/sodium alginate hydrogel (CPAM/GS) incorporating a CeO2@PtAu@Mn2(CO)10 nanozyme.
  • Characterization of the nanozyme's multi-enzyme activities (peroxidase, oxidase, catalase) and ROS generation.
  • Assessment of the hydrogel's photothermal performance and on-demand release of CO and nanozymes upon NIR irradiation.
  • In vitro evaluation of antibacterial efficacy against MRSA and P. aeruginosa, biofilm disruption, and cell migration.
  • In vivo study using a mouse model of MRSA-infected wounds to assess wound healing, bacterial elimination, and microenvironment modulation.

Main Results:

  • The CPAM/GS hydrogel demonstrated potent antibacterial activity (100% and 99.8% against MRSA and P. aeruginosa) and effective biofilm disruption under NIR irradiation.
  • The incorporated nanozyme generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and supplied oxygen, while the hydrogel provided photothermal and CO gas therapy.
  • In vivo studies showed accelerated wound healing, bacterial clearance, reduced inflammation, and enhanced angiogenesis in treated mouse models.
  • The hydrogel exhibited excellent biosafety and hemostatic properties.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CPAM/GS hydrogel serves as a multifunctional platform for synergistic therapy against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and biofilms.
  • The combination of photothermal, chemodynamic, and CO gas therapies, enabled by the nanozyme and hydrogel, significantly promotes wound regeneration.
  • This innovative approach offers a promising strategy for addressing the challenges of complex wound infections and improving patient outcomes.