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ChatGPT use and learner autonomy among EFL university students: the mediating role of English speaking anxiety

Amal Mubarak Alsuwaylim1, Mohammed A Alshehri2, Ali Lamouchi3

  • 1Department of Psychology, College of Education, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.

Frontiers in Psychology
|July 11, 2026
PubMed

Keywords:
ChatGPT useEFL university studentsEnglish speaking anxietyaffective filter hypothesislearner autonomymediation analysis

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