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A Legal Framework for Reducing Violence in Healthcare Institutions: A Comparative Study and Policy Recommendations
Narong Kiettikunwong1, Pongmanut Deeod2
1College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Asian Bioethics Review
|July 11, 2026
Summary
Healthcare violence is a global threat. Specific laws, like those in Canada, China, and England, better protect healthcare workers than general criminal statutes, promoting safety and accountability.
Area of Science:
- Law and Medicine
- Comparative Legal Studies
- Bioethics
Background:
- Violence against healthcare workers is a significant global issue impacting safety and healthcare systems.
- Existing legal frameworks often use general criminal statutes, inadequately addressing healthcare-specific vulnerabilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comparative legal analysis of how seven jurisdictions address violence in healthcare settings.
- To evaluate legal responses using consequentialism and retributivism philosophical frameworks.
- To propose a unified legal framework for enhanced protection of healthcare workers.
Main Methods:
- Comparative legal analysis across seven jurisdictions: Canada, India, Oklahoma-USA, England, Thailand, Bangladesh, and China.
- Integration of normative philosophical frameworks (consequentialism, retributivism).
Main Results:
- Jurisdictions with healthcare-specific legislation (Canada, China, England) demonstrate more effective deterrence and accountability.
- Systems relying solely on general criminal law (Thailand, Bangladesh) offer limited protection and normative clarity.
- Intermediate models (India, Oklahoma) provide context-specific but not comprehensive solutions.
Conclusions:
- Healthcare-specific legislation is crucial for effectively deterring violence and ensuring accountability.
- A unified legal framework emphasizing specificity, proportionality, and balanced normative rationale is proposed.
- The study supports ethical discourse, legal reform, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3, 8, and 16.
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