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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

A New Ex Vivo Model for the Evaluation of Endoscopic Submucosal Injection Material Performance

A New Ex Vivo Model for the Evaluation of Endoscopic Submucosal Injection Material Performance

Published on: October 19, 2018

Sodium Alginate-Based Submucosal Lifting Hydrogel for Endoscopic Mucosal Resection and Endoscopic Submucosal

Iram Maqsood¹, Venkata S Akshintala², Surya T Evani²

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Advanced Healthcare Materials

|July 11, 2026

Summary

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A novel sodium alginate-based lifting gel with methylene blue dye improves visualization and provides sustained mucosal elevation for endoscopic procedures like EMR and ESD.

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Biomaterials Science
Endoscopic Surgery

Background:

Submucosal lifting agents are essential for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).
Existing agents have limitations in terms of visualization, duration, and rheological properties.
There is a need for improved lifting agents that enhance safety and efficacy in endoscopic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize a novel sodium alginate-based hydrogel as a submucosal lifting agent.
To evaluate the rheological properties, visualization enhancement, and performance of the new agent in ex vivo and in vivo models.
To investigate the relationship between rheological characteristics and mucosal lifting efficacy.

Main Methods:

Formulation of a sodium alginate-based hydrogel incorporating methylene blue dye.

Keywords:

Sodium alginate injectability lifting agent mucosal lift persistency rheological characterization viscosity

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

A New Ex Vivo Model for the Evaluation of Endoscopic Submucosal Injection Material Performance

A New Ex Vivo Model for the Evaluation of Endoscopic Submucosal Injection Material Performance

Published on: October 19, 2018

Characterization of rheological properties (viscosity, shear-thinning), pH, osmolality, and reconstitution time.

Ex vivo assessment of sustained lift height and cushion circumference.

In vivo evaluation in swine for injectability, cushion retention, and tissue compatibility.

Main Results:

The alginate-based hydrogel exhibited favorable shear-thinning properties and higher viscosity compared to commercial agents.
Methylene blue dye significantly improved lesion visualization and delineation.
Ex vivo and in vivo studies demonstrated sustained mucosal elevation and cushion retention.
The agent showed good injectability and no adverse tissue reactions in swine models.

Conclusions:

The developed sodium alginate-based lifting gel offers enhanced visualization and prolonged mucosal elevation.
Its favorable rheological and physicochemical properties address limitations of current agents.
This next-generation lifting agent shows potential for improving the efficiency and versatility of EMR and ESD procedures.