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Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...

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Modeling pathogenic B cell function in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Mohan Kumar1, Connor R Wilhelm1,2, Alexander W Boyden1,2

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|July 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

B cell depletion therapy shows promise for multiple sclerosis (MS). This review explores how animal models are used to study pathogenic B cells in MS, advancing our understanding of the disease.

Keywords:
B cellsEAE/MSautoimmunity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
  • B cells play a crucial role in MS pathogenesis, as evidenced by the success of B cell depletion therapies.
  • Traditional MS animal models (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) primarily focused on T cell-driven disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development and application of B cell-dependent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models.
  • To explore the pathogenic functions of B cells in immune-mediated demyelinating diseases.
  • To summarize approaches for engaging pathogenic B cells in MS animal models.

Main Methods:

  • Development of B cell-dependent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models.
  • Investigation of B cell functions including cytokine and antibody production.
  • Analysis of B cell antigen presentation to autoreactive CD4 T cells.

Main Results:

  • B cell-dependent models enable critical exploration of pathogenic B cell functions in MS.
  • These models facilitate understanding of B cell roles in neuroinflammation and demyelination.
  • Advances in modeling are crucial for investigating MS pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • B cell-dependent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models are vital for studying MS pathogenesis.
  • Understanding pathogenic B cell functions is key to developing new MS therapies.
  • Engaging pathogenic B cells in animal models offers insights into immune-mediated demyelination.