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Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Published on: December 6, 2021

Oxygen vacancy-mediated Ru,Fe co-doped Ni(OH)₂ for enhanced hydrogen evolution kinetics.

Ruiteng Sun¹, Sailong Wang¹, Zexing Liang²

¹Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

|July 11, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed a novel electrocatalyst, RuFeNi-O_vH, using oxygen vacancies for efficient hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). This catalyst demonstrates excellent stability and cost-effectiveness for hydrogen production via water electrolysis.

Keywords:

Fe Hydrogen evolution reaction Ni(OH)(2)Oxygen vacancy Ru co-doping

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Published on: November 7, 2025

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Catalysis

Background:

Efficient and stable electrocatalysts are crucial for a hydrogen economy powered by water electrolysis.
Developing cost-effective catalysts is essential for practical hydrogen production.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and investigate oxygen vacancies mediated Ru, Fe co-doped Ni(OH)₂ (RuFeNi-O_vH) as an efficient electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
To understand the role of oxygen vacancies in modulating the catalyst's electronic structure and reaction kinetics.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of Ru, Fe co-doped Ni(OH)₂ with oxygen vacancies (RuFeNi-O_vH).
Electrochemical characterization of HER performance in 1.0 M KOH.
Theoretical calculations to elucidate the mechanism of water adsorption and hydrogen evolution.

Main Results:

The RuFeNi-O_vH catalyst achieved a current density of 1 A cm^-2 at an overpotential of 350 mV.
The catalyst demonstrated remarkable stability, operating for 200 hours in a three-electrode system.
Theoretical calculations revealed Ru as the active site for water adsorption/dissociation and Ni for hydrogen evolution.

Conclusions:

Oxygen vacancies effectively tune the electronic structure and d-band center, reducing the energy barrier for water dissociation and enhancing reaction kinetics.
RuFeNi-O_vH exhibits superior HER performance and stability, with significant cost-effectiveness for anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers.
This work offers a new strategy for designing efficient and stable HER catalysts by creating vacancies, promoting practical hydrogen production technology.