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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Transforming Static Barrier Tissue Models into Dynamic Microphysiological Systems

Transforming Static Barrier Tissue Models into Dynamic Microphysiological Systems

Published on: February 16, 2024

Translational cell fate reprogramming and regenerative medicine enabled by microphysiological systems.

Hrithiha Sriramulu¹, Hyunsung Woo¹, Anavi Kaul¹

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development

|July 11, 2026

Summary

Advanced organoid and organs-on-chips systems improve regenerative medicine by modeling human physiology for cell fate control and gene therapy evaluation. These microphysiological systems enhance tissue repair and regeneration studies.

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Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Biotechnology
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

Genetic engineering and in vivo reprogramming offer new ways to control cell fate for tissue repair.
Traditional animal and in vitro models often fail to predict human responses to genetic manipulation.
Microphysiological systems like organoids and organs-on-chips (OoCs) better mimic human physiology.

Purpose of the Study:

To review how organoids and OoC platforms are used to study and enhance cell fate reprogramming, repair, and regeneration.
To highlight how these systems inform gene and cell therapy development.
To discuss limitations and future directions for regenerative medicine.

Main Methods:

Utilizing three-dimensional organoids derived from various human cell sources.
Employing organs-on-chips (OoCs) platforms with controlled microenvironments.
Analyzing studies that integrate these systems with genetic and cell-based therapies.

Main Results:

Organoids preserve patient-specific genetics for disease and therapy studies.
OoCs provide regulated perfusion, vascularization, and mechanical forces for tissue maturation.
These platforms facilitate mechanistic studies and evaluation of gene/cell therapies in a human-relevant context.

Conclusions:

Organoids and OoCs are crucial for advancing regenerative medicine and personalized therapies.
Overcoming limitations in scalability, standardization, and biomaterials is key for clinical translation.
Integrating these technologies promises more predictive and effective regenerative strategies.