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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter
Published on: March 31, 2022
Targeting DNA mismatch repair in Huntington's disease
Emma L Bunting1, Amol Panhale2, Peter McColgan1
1Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, UK.
None:
Somatic expansion of the HTT CAG repeat is a key feature of Huntington's disease (HD) pathogenesis. Mismatch repair (MMR) enzymes drive this process through erroneous DNA repair, with variants in MMR genes modifying the onset and progression of disease features. Cell-type-specific CAG repeat sizing recently confirmed that elevated somatic expansion underlies the selective vulnerability of HD medium spiny neurons, with expansion beyond certain CAG thresholds associated with distinct stages of cellular pathogenesis. In this review, we synthesise insights from post-mortem brain tissue, cell systems, and mouse models, detailing key CAG repeat-length-dependent changes. In addition, we critically evaluate the MMR proteins MSH3, MLH3, and PMS1 as therapeutic targets for slowing somatic expansion and outline key safety considerations for emerging MMR-modulating approaches.
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