Surface-targeted complement modulation at biomedical interfaces.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Immunology
• Materials Science

Background:

• The complement system distinguishes self from foreign but can cause thromboinflammatory issues on biomedical surfaces.
• Current systemic complement inhibitors have limitations; surface-targeted strategies are needed for better safety and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review complement activation on biomedical surfaces.
• To highlight clinical investigations of complement inhibitors.
• To discuss emerging surface-targeting strategies for preventing adverse complement activation.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on complement activation and inhibition.
• Analysis of surface-coating and inhibitor-based strategies.
• Examination of clinical trial data and emerging technologies.

Main Results:

• Diverse surface-targeting approaches are emerging to block complement activation.
• Strategies range from surface coatings to complement-tagged surface inhibitors.
• These approaches are advancing from concept to clinical application.

Conclusions:

• Surface-targeted complement inhibition is a promising strategy for biomedical applications.
• Preventing adverse complement activation on interfaces is crucial for device safety and efficacy.
• Further development and clinical investigation of these strategies are warranted.