Soft supermolecule stabilized buried interface for high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells and modules.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Self-assembled molecules (SAMs) are used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) but suffer from aggregation and poor interface quality.
• Defects and weak adhesion at the perovskite buried interface limit the performance and stability of inverted PSCs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To enhance the durability of the buried interface in p-i-n inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
• To improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability of inverted PSCs through interface engineering.

Main Methods:

• Incorporation of sulfonyl-functionalized calixarene molecules (SC4A) utilizing supramolecular host-guest interactions.
• Stabilization of the SAM film, passivation of interface defects, relief of residual stress, and creation of chemical bridges at the buried interface.

Main Results:

• Achieved a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 27.12% for inverted PSCs and 22.25% for large-area modules.
• Demonstrated remarkable operational stability, retaining 97.4% PCE after 2125 hours of illumination and 90.7% after 2000 hours of damp heat aging.

Conclusions:

• The SC4A-based supramolecular strategy effectively reinforces the buried interface in inverted PSCs.
• This approach significantly enhances both the power conversion efficiency and long-term operational stability of perovskite solar cells.