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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography
07:44

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Published on: July 24, 2020

Microstructural changes in irradiated teeth revealed by swept-source optical coherence tomography.

Kumiko Matsuzaki1, Hidenobu Matsuzaki2, Tomoko Tabata3

  • 1Division of Hospital Dentistry, Central Clinical Department, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan. tanaka-k@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp.

Scientific Reports
|July 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Radiation therapy for head and neck cancers can cause tooth decay. This study found that irradiation causes microstructural changes and increased density in human teeth, potentially increasing caries risk.

Keywords:
Dental enamelDentinRadiation effectsRadiation-induced cariesSwept-source optical coherence tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Oral oncology
  • Biomaterials science
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Radiation-induced caries is a known complication of radiotherapy for head and neck cancers.
  • The precise microstructural changes in teeth caused by irradiation remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate irradiation-associated microstructural alterations and tissue density changes in human teeth.
  • To utilize swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) for detailed analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Eight extracted human third molars were divided into irradiated (70 Gy X-ray dose) and non-irradiated groups.
  • SS-OCT was used to acquire 64 cross-sectional images from coronal and cervical areas of the teeth.
  • Analysis focused on microcrack-like features and attenuation coefficients.

Main Results:

  • Microcrack-like features were present in 100% of irradiated coronal images versus 31.3% in non-irradiated.
  • Irradiated teeth showed significantly higher attenuation coefficients in enamel and dentin.
  • Microcracks were also observed in 43.8% of irradiated cervical areas.

Conclusions:

  • Irradiation induces significant microstructural changes in human teeth, including microcracks and increased tissue density.
  • These in vitro findings suggest a potential mechanism for increased susceptibility to radiation-induced caries.
  • SS-OCT is effective in characterizing these irradiation-induced dental alterations.