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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Assessing Lysosomal Alkalinization in the Intestine of Live Caenorhabditis elegans
06:18

Assessing Lysosomal Alkalinization in the Intestine of Live Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: April 13, 2018

Nuclear dysfunction in aging and neurodegeneration.

Abbigael Aday1,2,3, Jack Tiller1,2,3, Adarsh Melukote3,4

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|July 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Nuclear dysfunction plays a key role in neurodegenerative diseases, impacting neuronal integrity. Targeting nuclear structure and function may offer new therapeutic strategies for these conditions.

Keywords:
agingdementianeurodegenerationnuclear dysfunctionnucleocytoplasmic transportprotein aggregation

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Assessing Lysosomal Alkalinization in the Intestine of Live Caenorhabditis elegans
06:18

Assessing Lysosomal Alkalinization in the Intestine of Live Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: April 13, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Neurodegenerative diseases involve neuronal loss and dysfunction due to factors like protein buildup and inflammation.
  • Understanding common mechanisms is challenging due to interconnected cellular components (cytosol, cytoskeleton, nucleus).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of nuclear dysfunction in aging and neurodegenerative disease progression.
  • To explore how nuclear alterations contribute to neuronal vulnerability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of emerging evidence on nuclear structure and function in neurodegeneration.
  • Analysis of alterations in nuclear architecture, chromatin, nucleocytoplasmic transport, DNA damage, and inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Changes in nuclear structure and function are critical drivers, not just consequences, of neurodegeneration.
  • Nuclear dysfunction involves alterations in chromatin, transport, DNA repair, and inflammatory signaling.

Conclusions:

  • Nuclear dysfunction is a significant factor in neuronal impairment and neurodegeneration.
  • Therapies targeting nuclear integrity are needed to combat neurodegenerative diseases.