Prenatal Ultrasonographic Diagnosis and Postnatal Management of Fetal Bladder Lymphangioma: A Case Report

Fetal bladder lymphangioma is a rare congenital anomaly. Fetal lymphangiomas are most commonly reported in the head and neck region, whereas urinary bladder lymphangioma is extremely rare. Several bladder lymphangioma cases have been described in pediatric and adult patients, but prenatal detection of a fetal pelvic-abdominal lymphangioma with suspected bladder involvement appears exceptional. This report presents a case of a cystic abdominal mass diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound at 35 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound examination revealed a mass measuring approximately 9.6 cm × 5.6 cm × 7.0 cm with clear boundaries, internal septations, and poor acoustic transmission. Following regular follow-up, the fetus was delivered at term and underwent surgical treatment. Postoperative histopathology confirmed lymphangioma, and intraoperative findings suggested close anatomical involvement of the bladder. The neonate recovered well postoperatively and was discharged uneventfully. This case provided valuable insights into the prenatal diagnosis and clinical management of fetal bladder lymphangioma.