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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression

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Computational fluid structure interaction analysis between aqueous humor and corneal shell.

Waleed J Al-Mashhadani¹, Nebras H Ghaeb¹, Taha Yaseen Khalaf¹

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, AL Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq.

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine

|July 13, 2026

Summary

Fluid-structure interaction models reveal high shear stress on the corneal endothelium from aqueous humor flow. This finding suggests corneal geometry influences endothelial cell function and potential malfunction, impacting glaucoma research.

Keywords:

anterior chamber aqueous humor dynamics corneal endothelium fluid-structure interaction (FSI)glaucoma ocular biomechanics wall shear stress

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Biomedical Engineering
Computational Fluid Dynamics

Background:

The corneal endothelium's health is crucial for vision.
Understanding mechanical forces on the endothelium is vital for diagnosing and treating eye conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To model fluid-structure interaction (FSI) in the anterior eye.
To quantify shear stress distribution on the corneal endothelium.
To investigate the impact of anatomical geometry on endothelial shear stress.

Main Methods:

A one-way coupled FSI model was developed using ANSYS.
Physiologically accurate 3D geometry of the anterior chamber was reconstructed.
Aqueous humor flow was simulated as an incompressible Newtonian fluid.
The cornea was modeled as a linear elastic solid with limbal boundary conditions.

Main Results:

Peak shear stress concentrations occurred at peripheral curvature transitions.
Endothelial wall shear stress (WSS) ranged from -129.19 to 129.32 Pa.
Aqueous flow generated shear stresses exceeding mechanotransduction limits.
Stress magnitude showed strong dependence on local corneal curvature.

Conclusions:

Flow-induced shear is a significant mechanical input in the anterior chamber.
Corneal angle geometry may influence mechanical sensitivity and endothelial malfunction.
The FSI model aids in understanding glaucomatous pathology and surgical planning.